the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Long-term PM trends in southern Finland from three different measurement techniques
Abstract. Different particulate matter (PM) mass concentration measurements and their long-term trends were compared at the Station for Measuring Ecosystem-Atmosphere Relations (SMEAR II, Hyytiälä, Finland). We compare three independent methods: 1) gravimetric method with a cascade impactor, 2) Synchronized Hybrid Ambient Real-time Particulate Monitor (SHARP), and 3) calculated PM concentration from combined Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (DMPS) and Aerosol Particle Sizer (APS) particle number size distribution data. In all size classes (PM1, PM2.5 and PM10), the different methods show a good correlation (Pearson’s correlation coefficient approximately 0.8). The mass concentrations in all PM classes were the highest in summer and the lowest in autumn and winter. While all seasons and size classes showed declining trends for PM concentrations (from -0.012 to -0.064 µg m-3 y-1) between 2005 and 2020, the decline was smallest in summer, which follows the trends observed also in SO2 and NOx concentrations. These results underline both the summertime dominance of biogenic sources for the aerosol mass concentration in the rural boreal forest environment and the reduction of anthropogenic pollution due to the EU level restrictions for improved air quality.
Competing interests: At least one of the (co-)authors is a member of the editorial board of Aerosol Research.
Publisher's note: Copernicus Publications remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims made in the text, published maps, institutional affiliations, or any other geographical representation in this preprint. The responsibility to include appropriate place names lies with the authors.- Preprint
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Data sets
PM mass at Hyytiälä M. Kulmala and T. Petaja https://doi.org/10.48597/C646-VCYX
SMEAR II Hyytiälä forest meteorology, greenhouse gases, air quality and soil J. Aalto et al. https://doi.org/10.23729/23dd00b2-b9d7-467a-9cee-b4a122486039
Pm10_mass at Hyytiälä M. Kulmala https://doi.org/10.48597/WK4E-86CP
Pm25_mass at Hyytiälä M. Kulmala https://doi.org/10.48597/V58J-WCD4
Pm1_mass at Hyytiälä M. Kulmala https://doi.org/10.48597/TC68-EPWP
Pm10_mass at Hyytiälä M. Kulmala and T. Petaja https://doi.org/10.48597/YTRF-XNKJ
Particle_number_size_distribution at Hyytiälä M. Kulmala and T. Petäjä https://doi.org/10.48597/UT8K-P44W
Particle_number_size_distribution at Hyytiälä M. Kulmala https://doi.org/10.48597/6W2N-UGMC
Particle_number_size_distribution at Hyytiälä M. Kulmala https://doi.org/10.48597/JFRB-5CHX
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